Henry IX "the Black", Duke of Bavaria

Other Events and Attributes:

• Religion: say 1120, Weingarten Abbey, Weingarten, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; He was a lay brother of the foundation at Weingarten.

Henry married Wulfhilda of Saxony between 1095 and 1100. Wulfhilda (daughter of Magnus, Duke of Saxony and Sophia, Princess of Hungary) was born about 1071 in Altdorf bei Nürnberg, Bavaria, Germany; died on 29 Dec 1126 in Altdorf bei Nürnberg, Bavaria, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Judith of Bavaria was born about 1100; died on 22 Feb 1130.

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: He was the first member of the Welf branch of the House of Este. In the genealogy of the Elder House of Welf he is counted as Welf IV.
• Land/House: 1055; When Welf's maternal uncle, Welf, Duke of Carinthia (also known as Welf III), died childless in 1055, Welf inherited his property.
• Title(s): 1070; He was rewarded for his fidelity by being appointed Duke of Bavaria in Otto's stead. This event took place at Goslar in 1070, when the Duchy of Bavaria submitted quietly to the newly made duke, who was the representative of one of the most ancient families in the province. His repudiation of Ethelinde, which could have been considered an act of injustice, does not seem to have been held against him.
• Military: From 1077 to 1085; During the Investiture Controversy, Welf changed sides turning against the Emperor, supporting Pope Gregory VII as well as lending his support for the election of Rudolf of Rheinfelden in March 1077. Pope and Emperor were superficially reconciled in 1076, but the following year saw them again engaged in active hostilities. Henry, in consequence of these repeated acts of rebellion, declared Welf deposed in his newly acquired duchy. However, supported by his faithful Bavarians and aided by his father in Italy, Welf was able to maintain his place, and openly defy the ban of the Empire in May 1077. Welf joined the discontented princes who supported the standard of Rudolph, at a time when any who refused to follow the pope's direction could expect to be excommunicated by the church—a potent and effective threat in the social and political conditions of the time. However, Gregory died in 1085 and his successors took a less intensive part in the affairs of Germany. Welf, though still adhering to the party of the church, began to relax in his exertions to support Rudolf of Rheinfelden.
• Military: 1099; In 1099, Welf joined what would become known as the Crusade of 1101, along with William IX of Aquitaine, Hugh of Vermandois and Ida of Austria. His main success was to prevent a clash between fellow Crusaders, who had been pillaging Byzantine territory on their way to Constantinople and the Byzantine emperor's Pecheneg mercenaries. The Crusade itself, entering Anatolia, ended disastrously; after passing Heraclea in September, Welf's Bavarians—like other crusader contingents—were ambushed and massacred by the Turkish troops of Kilij Arslan I, the Seljuq Sultan of Rûm. Welf escaped.
• Last Full Review: 12 Aug 2020

Notes:

Death: Weis (1976) gives his death date as 6 November 1101, while von Redlich (1941) gives his death date as 8 November 1101.

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Welf married Judith of Flanders, Countess of Northumbria about 1071. Judith (daughter of Baldwin IV de Lille "Fair Beard", Count of Flanders and Valenciennes and Elena of Normandy) was born about 1033 in Bruges, Flanders, Belguim; died on 5 Mar 1094; was buried in Weingarten Abbey, Weingarten, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: She was the owner of many books and illuminated manuscripts, which she bequeathed to Weingarten Abbey (two of which are now held at the Pierpont Morgan Library).
• Travel: Sep 1051; In September 1051, Tostig and Judith were forced to flee England for Bruges, along with her in-laws after Tostig joined his father's armed rebellion against King Edward the Confessor; however, they returned home the following year.
• Title(s): 1055; When her husband was created the Earl of Northumbia in 1055, she became the Countess of Northumbria.
• Travel: Nov 1065; Tostig was outlawed by King Edward in November 1065, and Judith, along with Tostig and her children, was compelled to seek refuge with her half-brother in Flanders the following month.
• Last Full Review: 11 Aug 2020

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Birth: Judith was 38 years old when she married Welf.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Travel: say 1050; He was sent on a mission to the Hungarians by the Pope.

Alberto married Kunigunde of Altdorf about 1035. Kunigunde (daughter of Welf II, Count of Altdorf, Count in the Lechrain and Ermentrude of Luxemburg) was born about 1020; died after 1055; was buried in 1060 in Vangadicendis, Italy (not found). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Her name was also spelt Kuniza. She was the heiress of Altdorf from her brother.

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• Title(s): 1007; He became the Count of Valenciennes in 1007.

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He was also known as Baudouin IV "Le Barbu".

Baldwin married Elena of Normandy after 1030. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• General Information: She was also known as Judith or Eleanor.

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• History: He established the family at Este in the Veronese. Alberto opposed Emperor Henry II, and was captured in flight on the Englesbrucke and put into captivity in Germany.

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Died:
He died while in captivity.

Alberto married Adela before 996. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Living: From 996 to 1012

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Adela was a pagan.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Miscellaneous: 1020; He was an adherent of Bishop Werner of Strasburg and Duke Ernst of Swabia.

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He founded the Monastery of Ravensburg.

Welf married Ermentrude of Luxemburg about 1015. Ermentrude (daughter of Frederick I, Count of Luxembourg, Count in the Moselgau and Ermentrude von Gleiberg) was born about 1000; died on 21 Aug 1057 in Altenmünster, Bavaria, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Arnold married Susanna, Princess of Italy in 968. Susanna (daughter of Berenger II, King of Italy and Willa of Arles) was born about 950; died on 26 Jan 1003. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• General Information: She was the heiress of Montreuil-sur-Mer. Her name was also rendered Rosela.

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• Title(s): 996; He succeeded as the Duke of Normandy in 996 and ruled until his death. During his minority, the first five years of his reign, his regent was Count Rodulf of Ivry, his uncle, who wielded the power and put down a peasant insurrection at the beginning of Richard's reign
• Last Full Review: 18 Feb 2021

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Richard married Judith of Brittany in 1000. Judith (daughter of Conan I "le Tort", Duke of Brittany, Count of Rennes and Ermengarde d'Anjou) was born in 982 in Brittany, France; died on 28 Aug 1017 in Normandy, France; was buried in Bernay Abbey, Bernay, Normandy, France . [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: She was also called Judith of Rennes.
• Last Full Review: 18 Feb 2021

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