Ealhswith of Mercia

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: Her name was also spelt Alswitha.

Ealhswith married Alfred "the Great", King of England in 868 in England. Alfred (son of Æthelwulf, King of England and Osburh) was born in 849 in Wantage, Berkshire, England; died on 28 Oct 901; was buried in Hyde Abbey, Winchester, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Æthelflæd married Æthelred II, Ealdorman of Mercia between 882 and 887. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: Edward was Bretwala, King of Kings. He was also the King of Wessex.
• Military: From 899 to 902; Alfred died on 26 October 899 and Edward succeeded to the throne, but Æthelwold disputed the succession. He seized the royal estates of Wimborne, symbolically important as the place where his father was buried, and Christchurch, both in Dorset. Edward marched with his army to the nearby Iron Age hillfort at Badbury Rings. Æthelwold declared that he would live or die at Wimborne, but then left in the night and rode to Northumbria, where the Danes accepted him as king. In 901, Æthelwold came with a fleet to Essex, and the following year he persuaded the East Anglian Danes to invade English Mercia and northern Wessex, where his army looted and then returned home. Edward retaliated by ravaging East Anglia, but when he retreated the men of Kent disobeyed the order to retire, and were intercepted by the Danish army. The two sides met at the Battle of the Holme (perhaps Holme in Huntingdonshire) on 13 December 902. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the Danes "kept the place of slaughter", meaning that they won the battle, but they suffered heavy losses, including Æthelwold and a King Eohric, possibly of the East Anglian Danes. Kentish losses included Sigehelm, ealdorman of Kent and father of Edward's third wife, Eadgifu. Æthelwold's death ended the threat to Edward's throne.
• Reign: From 900 to 924; King of England
• Crowned: 8 Jun 900, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, England; He was crowned.
• Military: 918; Edward defeated the Danes in 918, taking East Anglia. He conquered Mercia the same year, and Northumbria in 920.
• Last Full Review: 2 May 2021

Notes:

Death: Sewell states he died 17 June 924 in Farndon-on-Dee, England.

Name:

Reign:
He was crowned the King of England or Bretwala, that is King of Kings.

Died:
He died while attempting to put down a rebellion by Mercian and Cambrian dissidents.

Buried:
He was buried in the New Minster, a monastery in Winchester whose construction he had ordered in 901. In 1110, his remains were reinterred at Hyde Abbey, but the grave was disturbed during the construction of a prison in 1788 and his bones were lost.

Edward married Ecgwynn about 893. Ecgwynn died in 901 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Edward married Ælfflæd about 899. Ælfflæd (daughter of Æthelhelm, Ealdorman of Wiltshire and Æthelgyth of Mercia) was born about 878 in Kingdom of Wessex, England; died in 920 in England; was buried in Winchester Cathedral, Winchester, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Edward married Eadgifu of Kent in 919 in Berkshire, England. Eadgifu (daughter of Sigehelm, Ealdorman of Kent) was born about 896 in Kingdom of Kent; died on 25 Aug 968 in England; was buried in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Ælfthryth married Baldwin II "the Bald", Count of Flanders and Artois in 884. Baldwin (son of Baldwin I "Bras de Fer", Count of Flanders and Judith of France, Princess of France) was born between 863 and 865 in Flanders, Belgium; died on 2 Jan 918 in Flanders, Belgium. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Charter/Grant/Gift: About 904; The first contemporary written evidence of Ælfwynn is dated to around 904, a charter recording the lease of land by Æthelred and Æthelflæd for the traditional three lives—those of Æthelred, Æthelflæd and Ælfwynn—in and around Worcester from Bishop Waerferth and the monks and clerics of Worcester Cathedral.
• Offices Held: From 12 June 918 to Dec 1918; When her mother died on 12 June 918, she became the ruler of Mercia, but only until December. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: Here also the daughter of Æthelred, Lord of the Mercians, was deprived of all control in Mercia, and was led into Wessex three weeks before Christmas. by Edward the Elder. Her accession was the only example of rule passing from one woman to another in the early medieval period in the British Isles.
• Miscellaneous: 919; There is no certain record of Ælfwynn after her removal from power. In Maggie Bailey's view, she probably entered holy orders. It is possible that she is the religious woman named Ælfwynn who is the beneficiary of charter S 535 dated 948 in the reign of King Eadred. Shashi Jayakumar suggests that she may have been the Ælfwynn who was wife of Æthelstan Half-King and foster-mother of the future King Edgar
• Last Full Review: 22 Nov 2021

Notes:

Name:

Birth:
Her birth was a difficult one, and that this led her mother to abstain from further sexual relations.

Family/Spouse: Edulph. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: In 924, he was crowned King of England
• Reign: From 924 to 939; King of England

Notes:

Name:

Other Events and Attributes:

• Religion: say 928; After she became a widow, she took the veil at Polesworth Abby. She later transferred to Tamworth Abbey in Glocestershire, where she was elected Abbess. Her feast day is July ^15th.

Edith married Sihtric, Viking King of York in 926. Sihtric died in 927. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Reign: From 924 to 924; King of England

Notes:

Name:

Notes:

Name:


Died:
He was drowned at sea.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Religion: Wilton Abbey, Wiltshire, England; She was a lay sister at Wilton Abbey.

Family/Spouse: Frederuna. Frederuna died on 10 Feb 917. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eadgifu married Charles III "the Simple", King of France in 918/19. Charles (son of Louis II "the Stammerer", Holy Roman Emperor and Adelaide of Paris) was born on 17 Sep 879; died on 7 Oct 929 in Péronne, Hauts-de-France, France; was buried in Abbey of Saint Fursy, Péronne, Hauts-de-France, France (not found). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Heribert, Count of Meaux and Troyes . Heribert died on 980 - 984. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Name:
She was a nun at Wilton Abbey.

Eadhilda married Hugh Magnus "the White", Duke of France and Normandy in 926. Hugh (son of Robert I, Duke of France and Beatrice de Vermandois) was born about 895; died on 16 Jun 956 in Dourdan, Île-de-France, France; was buried in Basilica of Saint-Denis, St. Denis, Île-de-France, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Name:
Her name is also spelt Edith.

Eadgyth married Otto I "the Great", Holy Roman Emperor in 929/30. Otto (son of Henry I "the Fowler", Holy Roman Emperor and Saint Mechtilde von Ringelheim) was born on 23 Nov 912; died on 7 May 973 in Memleben, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: She was said to have married "a prince near the Alps", likely Boleslaw II "the Pious", Duke of Bohemia or perhaps Conrad "the Pacific", King of Burgundy.

Notes:

Name:
She was said to have married "a prince near the Alps", likely Boleslaw II "the Pious", Duke of Bohemia or perhaps Conrad "the Pacific", King of Burgundy.

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: She was a nun in Winchester, England.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Reign: From 939 to 946; King of England

Notes:

Name:


History:
In 940, he became the King of England.

Edmund defeated two Norse kings in Northumbria and also defeated the Britons in Strathclyde who had been supporting the Norsemen. He then gave Strathclyde to King Malcolm I of Scotland in return for a treaty of alliance. This ensured a half century of peace between Scotland and Saxon England.

Died:
He was murdered by an outlaw named Leolf who stabbed him to death at a banquet to St.Augustin.

Family/Spouse: Saint Ælfgifu. Ælfgifu died in 944 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Æthelfæd of Domerham. Æthelfæd died after 975. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Reign: From 946 to 955; King of England
• History: birth - 955

Notes:

Name:


History:
In 946, he was crowned the King of England.

Notes:

Name:


She was a nun at St. Mary's Abbey, also known as the Nunnaminster.

Notes:

Parentage: He may have been an illegitimate son of King Edward by another mother.

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: He was also known as Arnold I "the Great."
• Military: say 938; He waged a war in the late 930's against William Longsword, the Duke of Normandy. Some sources state that a peace conference was held in December 942, and that Arnolph arranged for the murder of William Longsword at that time. Other sources state that "Arnolph waged war against William of Normandy, whom he defeated and slew."

Arnold married Adelaide de Vermandois in 934. Adelaide (daughter of Herbert II, Count of Vermandois and Troyes and Hildebrande of Neustria, Princess of the West Franks) was born about 915; died in 960 in Bruges, Flanders, Belguim. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: In 918, he became the Count of Boulgne.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Alwara. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Crowned: 936; He was crowned the King of the Franks in 936.
• Reign: From 936 to 954; King of France (Carolingian dynasty)

Notes:

Name:

Louis married Gerberga of Saxony in 939. Gerberga (daughter of Henry I "the Fowler", Holy Roman Emperor and Saint Mechtilde von Ringelheim) was born in 913/914 in Nordhausen, Thuringia, Germany; died on 5 May 984 in Rheims, Grand Est, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Luitgarde married Conrad "the Wise", Duke of Lorraine and Franconia in 947. Conrad (son of Werner, Count in the Speyergau and the Wormsgau and daughter of Burkhard III) died on 10 Aug 955. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Liudolf married Ita of Swabia in 947. Ita (daughter of Herman I, Duke of Swabia and Reginlint of Swabia) died on 17 May 896. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: In 955, he was crowned King of England. He was only about 14 or 15 when he came to the throne, and a choice scandal soon developed. Ædwig left the coronation celebration with Æthelgifu and her daughter Ælfgifu for a private celebration in a bedroom. Both mother and daughter were trying to entice the teenage king into marriage. Abbot Dunstan and Bishop Cynesige found Ædwig "with his crown thrown aside, in the company of the two ladies." After a violent scene, Abbot Dunstan hauled Ædwig, crowned, back to the official feast. Æthelgifu, who was behind the seduction, never forgave Abbot Dunstan and was largely responsible for depriving him of his property and compelling him to leave the country. Ædwig married to Ælfgifu and her mother Æthelgifu appears to have stayed on as a mistress. Everyone was duly shocked and appalled.
• Married: Ælfgifu, the daughter of Æthelgif.
• Reign: From 955 to 959; King of England

Notes:

Name:

Other Events and Attributes:

• Reign: From 959 to 975; King of England

Notes:

Name:


History:
In 959, he became the King of England. [see picture below]

Edgar allowed his Danish subjects to retain Danish laws, he promoted a monastic revival and he encouraged trade by reforming the currency. He improved defense by organizing coastal naval patrols and a system for manning warships.

He had a liaison with St. Wulfryth, Abbess of Wilton (circa 945 - 1000) from which they had a daughter, St. Eadgyth, Abbess of Barking, (962 - 984)

Edgar married Æthelfæda the Fair in 961 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Edgar married Ælfthryth in 965 in England. Ælfthryth (daughter of Ordgar, Earldorman of Devonshire and Wulfrith) was born in 945 in Devonshire, England; died about 1000 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Saint Wulfryth, Abbess of Wilton . [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Hildegarde married Dietrich II, Count of West Friesland on 940 - 945. Dietrich (son of Dietrich I, Count of West Friesland and Geva) was born about 905; died on 6 May 988. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Married: Sigefred the Dan, Count of Guiness. [Sigefred, married Elstrude of Flanders] He died in 965. Issue: 1. Ardolfus, Count of Guiness

Notes:

Death: von Redlich (1941) and Weis (1982) give his death date as 1 November 962.

Baldwin married Matilda of Saxony on 1 Jan 961. Matilda (daughter of Hermann Billung, Duke of Saxony and Margrave of the Billungermark and Hildegarde of Westerbourg) died on 25 May 1005. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Liutgarde married Wickmann II, Count of Ghent and Hamalant in 950. Wickmann (son of Dietrich I, Count of West Friesland and Geva) died in 983. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Wickmann, Count of Gand. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Leofric married Godiva in 1030 in Kingdom of Mercia. Godiva (daughter of Thorold, Sheriff of Lincoln) was born about 980 in Kingdom of Mercia; died on 10 Sep 1067; was buried in Coventry, Warwickshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: Prince Charles was removed from succession to the throne of France by Hugh Capet.

Notes:

Death: Weis (1982) states he died in 994.

Charles married Bonne d'Ardennes before 979. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Matilda married Conrad I "the Peaceful", King of Burgundy after 964. Conrad (son of Rudolph II, King of Burgundy and Bertha of Swabia) was born about 925; died on 19 Oct 993 in Regensburg, Bavaria, Germany; was buried in Vienne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Death: Weis (1982) gives his death date as 1004.

Family/Spouse: Judith of Bavaria. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: birth to death

Notes:

History:
She was also known as Jutta.

Richilde married Conrad, Count in the Rheinegau and Duke of Swabia on 960 to 965. Conrad (son of Eldo, Count in the Wetterau and daughter) was born about 920; died on 20 Jul 997. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Kuno, Count of Ohningen. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: According to Panton (2011) "Edward’s brief, three-year reign as king of the English was marked by growing opposition to the monasteries and ended in violence. Scholars agree that he was the son of King Edgar of England, but they are less certain about his legitimacy and about his mother, who was probably Aethelflaed Eneda, whom Edgar later married. He was chosen as the new ruler when his father died in 975, but the accession was contested by Aelfthryth (or Elfrida), Edgar’s second wife, who advanced the cause of Aethelred, her own seven-year-old child, later known as Aethelred the Unready. Although the decision in favor of the older boy was made by the witan (the king’s group of advisors), Aelfthryth refused to accept defeat and allied herself with men who opposed her late husband’s policy of granting land to religious bodies, primarily because they wanted it for themselves. Edward sided with the church and appeared to be popular with his people, but he was only 13 when he succeeded to the throne, and there is little doubt that the inexperience of youth was reflected in some of his judgments."
• Reign: From 975 to 978; King of England
• Crowned: 8 Jul 975, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, England; Edward was the eldest son of King Edgar the Peaceful but was not his father's acknowledged heir. On Edgar's death, the leadership of England was contested, with some supporting Edward's claim to be king and others supporting his younger half-brother Æthelred the Unready, recognized as a legitimate son of Edgar. Edward was chosen as king and was crowned by his main clerical supporters, the archbishops Dunstan of Canterbury and Oswald of York on 8 Jul 975 at Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, England. ; : 13
• History: 976; Widespread famine struck England in 976, and it led to a breakdown in the rule of law; disgruntled, fearful, and opportunistic Anglo-Saxons took to violence, even sacking monasteries, which had grown more rich and powerful with Dunstan’s advocacy.
• Canonized: 1001; He was canonized in 1001 and his feast day is 20th November.
• Last Full Review: 13 Aug 2020

Notes:

Name:

Died:
During a hunting expedition, the king called at Corfe
Castle, where Ælfthryth and Æthelred were living. His stepmother offered him mead, and while he was drinking, she or one of her retinue stabbed him. He rode off, mortally wounded, but slumped from his horse; his foot caught in a stirrup and he was dragged into a bog, where, according to legend, the location of his body was revealed to searchers by a pillar of light This was the result of a plot hatched by his step-mother Ælfthryth so her son Æthelred II the Unrede could become king.

According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle "No worse deed for the English race was done than this was, since they first sought out the land of Britain. Men murdered him, but God exalted him. In life he was an earthly king; after death he is now a heavenly saint. His earthly relatives would not avenge him, but his Heavenly Father has much avenged him".

Buried:
During the sixteenth century and English Reformation, King Henry VIII led the dissolution of the monasteries and many holy places were demolished. Edward's remains were hidden so as to avoid desecration.

In 1931, the relics were recovered by Wilson-Claridge during an archaeological excavation; their identity was confirmed by Dr. T. E. A. Stowell, an osteologist. In 1970, examinations performed on the relics suggested that the young man had died in the same manner as Edward. Wilson-Claridge wanted the relics to go to the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia. His brother, however, wanted them to be returned to Shaftesbury Abbey. For decades, the relics were kept in a cutlery box in a bank vault at the Midland Bank in Woking, Surrey because of the unresolved dispute about which of two churches should have them.

In time, the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia was victorious and placed the relics in a church in Brookwood Cemetery in Woking, with the enshrinement ceremony occurring in September 1984. The St Edward Brotherhood of monks was organized there as well. The church is now named St Edward the Martyr Orthodox Church, and it is under the jurisdiction of a traditionalist Greek Orthodox community. However, while the bones are of approximately the right date, they are of a man in his late twenties or early thirties rather than a youth in his mid teens.

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: birth to death
• Reign: From 979 to 1016; King of England

Notes:

Name:


History:
The name Æthelred means "noble council", but a cynical 13th century pun suggested his name should have been "evil council" or "unrede" because he said to have participated in a plot to murder his half brother St. Edward the Martyr. However, he was only about 10 years old at the time, and it is difficult to imagine how a child could have been a participant in such a heinous crime. Regardless, Æthelred's name "the Unrede" stuck. The name "the Unready" was coined centuries later and is mistaken.

On 14 April 979, he became the King of England.

Æthelred may have married to Ælthelgife, a daughter of Egbert who is not shown in all genealogies.

In 1013, he was temporarily deposed by King Sweyn Forkbeard of Denmark, who was never actually crowned King of England. When Sweyn died on February 3, 1014, the Witan recalled Æthelred who then reigned until his death.

Buried:
When St. Paul's was destroyed by the Great London Fire in 1666, and rebuilt, his tomb was lost.

Æthelred married Ælfgifu in 985 in England. Ælfgifu (daughter of Thored of Northumbria) was born about 968 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Æthelred married Emma of Normandy on 5 Apr 1002. Emma (daughter of Richard I "the Fearless", Duke of Normandy and Gunnor of Crêpon) was born about 986; died on 14 Mar 1052. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: She was the Abbess of Barking from 962 to 984.

Arnulf married Luitgarde of Luxemburg about 980. Luitgarde (daughter of Siegfried, Count of Luxemburg and in the Moselgau and Hedwig) died on 14 May 1005. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Arnold married Susanna, Princess of Italy in 968. Susanna (daughter of Berenger II, King of Italy and Willa of Arles) was born about 950; died on 26 Jan 1003. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Married: She was the heiress of the countship of Hamalant.

Family/Spouse: Immed II, Count of Saxony. Immed (son of Immed I, Count of Savoy) died on 29 Jan 983 in Imbshausen (now Northeim), Lower Saxony, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Hildegarde de Holland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Title(s): 964; In 964 he succeeded as the Count of Boulogne.
• Last Full Review: 9 Jun 2020

Notes:

Name:

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Thurfrida. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Title(s): 1057

Notes:

Name:
His name is also spelt Elgar.

Title(s):
He became the Earl of Mercia, but was banished in 1058.

Family/Spouse: Alfgifu. Alfgifu (daughter of Æthelred II "the Unrede", King of England and Ælfgifu) was born about 997. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Elfleda. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Gerberga married Lambert I "the Bearded", Count of Louvain and Mons about 990. Lambert (son of Regnier III "Longhals", Count of Hainaut and Adele of Louvain) was born about 952; died on 12 Sep 1015 in near Florennes; was buried in Nivelles, Wallonia, Belguim. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: Her name is also spelt Adelaide.
• Last Full Review: 12 Jul 2021

Notes:

Death: Stuart (2002) gives her death date as 1012.

Ermengarde married Adalbert I, Count of Namur in 990. Adalbert (son of Robert I, Count of Lomme and Namur and Ermengarde of Lorraine) was born in 975; died about 1011. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Bertha married Eudes I, Count of Blois about 983. Eudes (son of Theobald II "le Tricheur", Count of Blois and Luitgarde de Vermandois) was born about 950 in Mormontier, France (not found); died on 12 Mar 995 in Mormontier, France (not found). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Last Full Review: 28 Sep 2020

Gerberga married Hermann II, Duke of Swabia about 988. Hermann (son of Conrad, Count in the Rheinegau and Duke of Swabia and Richilde) was born between 962 and 965; died on 4 May 1003. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Gerberga married Bernard I von Werl, Count in Westphalia on Yes, date unknown. Bernard died before 992. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Name:
Her name is also spelt Mathilde.

Family/Spouse: Udalrich I "the Rich", Count of Schanis. Udalrich died on 10 Aug 1046. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Married: Henry II "the Wrangler", Duke of Bavaria and Carinthia; and Marquis of Verona, the son of Henry I of Saxony Duke of Bavaria and Judith of Bavaria. He was born in 951. [Henry, married Gisela of Burgundy] He died 28 September 995 in Gaudersheim, Germany.

Notes:

Name:

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: birth to death

Notes:

History:
He was also the Duke of Franconia and Carinthia.

Henry married Adelaide of Alsace about 986. Adelaide (daughter of Gerhard of Lower Alsace, Count in Alsace and Eva) died in 19 May 1040 - 1046. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: birth to death

Notes:

Name:


History:
His birth name was Bruno of Carinthia.

According to the The Catholic Encyclopedia (1909), "On the death of John XV the Romans sent a deputation to Otto III and asked him to name the one he would wish them to elect in the place of the deceased pontiff. He at once mentioned his chaplain and relation, Bruno, the son of Duke Otto of Carinthia and of Judith. He was already (996) distinguished for learning, especially for his knowledge of the dialects which were to develop into the languages of modern Europe. If possessed of a somewhat hasty disposition, he was nevertheless a worthy candidate for the papacy, and his election did honour to the Romans who elected him. This first German pope was consecrated 3 May, 996, and his accession was generally hailed with satisfaction. One of his first acts was to crown Otto emperor (21 May, 996). Throughout the whole of his pontificate he acted in full harmony with his imperial cousin. Together they held a synod a few days after Otto's coronation, in which Arnulf was ordered to be restored to the See of Reims, and Gerbert, the future Sylvester II, was condemned as an intruder. Unfortunately for himself and the peace of the Church, he prevailed upon the emperor not to banish from Rome the turbulent noble Crescentius Numentanus, "of the Marble Horse". No sooner did Otto leave Rome than Crescentius roused his adherents to arms and Gregory had to fly to the north. Crescentius did not stop here, but caused an antipope to be proclaimed in the person of the crafty Italo-Greek John Philagathus of Rossano, who had artfully made a position for himself at the court of the Ottos and now took the title of John XVI (997). At a synod which Gregory had ordered to meet at Pavia, not only were Crescentius and his antipope anathematized, but King Robert of France was threatened with excommunication if he did not put away Bertha whom he had married though she was related to him not only by spiritual relationship but by blood. After some opposition, Robert finally yielded, and, repenting of his misdeeds, repudiated Bertha and espoused Constance. Gerbert, too, after having been condemned by this synod also, abandoned the See of Reims, and was rewarded with the See of Ravenna. Furious that he authority had been so flouted, Otto marched upon Rome. Philagathus fled from the city and Crescentius shut himself up in the Castle of Sant' Angelo. The emperor's troops pursued the antipope, captured him, deprived him of his nose, ears, eyes, and tongue, and brought him back to Rome. There he was brought before Otto and the pope, and publicly degraded (998). Then, after being driven ignominiously through the streets of Rome on an ass, he was transported to Germany, where he seems to have died in the monastery of Fulda (1013). The castle of Sant' Angelo was next besieged, and, when it was taken, Crescentius was hanged upon its walls (998). About the year 997, Archbishop Aelfric came to Rome in order to procure his pallium, and to consult the pope about replacing the secular canons, who then held the cathedral of Canterbury, by monks, in accordance with the commission he had received from King Ethelred and the Witan. As a mark of special honour, Gregory put his own pallium on Aelfrie, and bade him put into his monastery at Canterbury "men of that order which the Blessed Gregory commanded Augustine therein to place". At the request of Otto, Gregory granted exceptional privileges to many German monasteries, and in his company held various synods for the regulation of ecclesiastical affairs. He had to threaten with anathema Ardoin, Marquess of Ivrea, if he did not make amends for his treatment of the property of St. Mary's of Ivrea, its serfs, and its bishop. Gregory V was buried in St. Peter's "in front of the sacristy, i.e. on the Gospel side, near Pope Pelagius."

Other Events and Attributes:

• Title(s): 997; He succeeded as the Duke of Swabia upon the death of his father in 997.
• Miscellaneous: From Jan 1002 to Oct 1002; From January 1002 to October 1002 Herman II attempted, unsuccessfully, to become king of Germany.
• Last Full Review: 28 Sep 2020

Hermann married Gerberga of Burgundy, Princess of Upper Burgundy about 988. Gerberga (daughter of Conrad I "the Peaceful", King of Burgundy and Matilda of the West Franks, Princess of France) was born in 965/66; died between 1017 and 1019. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Frederick I, Count in the Upper Isar. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

daughter married Saint Vladimir I Swjatoslawitsch "the Great", Grand Prince of Kiev, and Duke of Novgorod in 1011. Vladimir (son of Svatislav I Igorjewitsch, Prince of Novgorod, Grand Duke of Kiev, Grand Prince of Perejaslaw and Maloucha) was born about 955 in Kiev, Ukraine; died on 15 Jul 1015 in Berestow, near Kiev, Ukraine, Russia (not found). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Reign: From 1016 to 1016; King of England

Notes:

Name:


History:
In April 1016, he became the King of England.

Canute invaded England, fought, and eventually negotiated with Edmund Ironside. They agreed that Edmund was to rule Wessex and Canute was to rule the rest of England. [see picture below] However, Edmund Ironside died shortly thereafter leaving Canute as sole ruler of England. Some sources claim he was murdered at the instigation of his brother-in-law Eadric, possibly while using the privy.

Edmund married Ealgyth of Northumbria in Aug 1015. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: He was also known as Eadwig.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Married: Abt 1008; (1) Eadric Streona, Ealdorman of Mercia.
• Married: say 1020; (2) Thurkil "the Tall" Havi.

Family/Spouse: Uchtred, Earldorman of Northumbria. Uchtred (son of Waltheof, Earldorman of Northumbria) was born in 989 in Northumberland, England; died in 1016 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Alfgar, Earl of Mercia. Alfgar (son of Leofric, Earl of Mercia and Godiva) was born about 1002 in Kingdom of Mercia; died in 1059; was buried in Coventry, Warwickshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Married: say 1020; (1) Ulfcytel Snylling, Ealdorman of East Anglia.
• Married: say 1030; (2) Thurchil, Earl of East Anglia.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Married: Æthelstan. [Æthelstan, married daughter] He was killed in 1010.

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: He may or may not have existed.

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: In 1042, he was crowned King of England
• Married: Edith, the daughter of Godwin, Ealdorman of Wessex and Gytha. He was crowned King of England in 1042 at England.3 He died in 1066 in England at age 61 years.1,3. [Edith, married Edward the Confessor, King of England] She died in 1075. They had no children.
• Reign: From 1042 to 1066; King of England

Notes:

Name:

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: Her name was also spelt Goda.
• Last Full Review: 9 Dec 2020

Notes:

Name:

Godgifu married Drogo of Mantes, Count of Valois, Amiens, and Vexin on 7 Apr 1024. Drogo (son of Walter II the White, Count of Amiens, Valois, and the Vexin and Adele) was born in 996; died in 1035. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Godgifu married Eustace II "aux Gernons", Count of Boulogne and Lens after 1035. Eustace (son of Eustace I, Count of Boulogne and Matilda of Louvain) was born about 1020 in Boulogne-sur-Mer, Pas-de-Calais, Hauts-de-France, France; died in 1093. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: Dietrich III (also called Dirik or Theodoric or Dirk) was the count with jurisdiction over what would become the county of Holland, often referred to in this period as "West Frisia",
• Title(s): 993; He became the Count of Holland (West Friesland) but was under the regency of his mother until 1005.
• Military: 1018; Count Dirk built a stronghold at Vlaardingen, in a newly habitable area where many Frisians had recently settled by his invitation. He was not permitted to levy tolls or hinder trade in any way, but eventually he defied imperial rule. Working together with the Frisians now living in the area, he stopped passing ships, demanding payment of tolls. Merchants from the town of Tiel sent alarmed messages to the king and Bishop Adelbold of Utrecht about acts of violence against them by Dirk's men. Emperor Henry then decided to end Dirk III's reign and awarded his lands to Bishop Adelbold. A large imperial army, made up of troops supplied by the various bishops of region, under the command of Godfrey II, Duke of Lower Lorraine, then headed for the stronghold at Vlaardingen. The ensuing Battle of Vlaardingen was a disaster for the imperial army and a tremendous victory for Count Dirk; many of the imperial commanders perished and Duke Godfrey was captured. Following this victory, Dirk III was permitted to keep his lands and he continued levying tolls. Later on, Dirk also managed to acquire more lands east of his previous domains at the expense of the Bishop of Utrecht.
• Miscellaneous: 1024; After the death of Emperor Henry II in 1024, Dirk supported Conrad II for the succession to the kingship.
• Travel: About 1030; It is thought that Dirk III went on pilgrimage to the Holy Land around 1030, hence his nickname of Hierosolymita ("the Jerusalemite" in Latin).
• Last Full Review: 17 Nov 2021

Notes:

Name:

Military:

Dietrich married Othelendis on Yes, date unknown. Othelendis (daughter of Bernard I, Margrave of the Saxon Nordmark, Count in North Thuringia and daughter of St. Vladimir I) died on 31 Mar 1044 in Saxony, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Baldwin III, Count of Boulogne. Baldwin (son of Arnulf II, Count of Boulogne) was born about 976 in Boulogne-sur-Mer, Pas-de-Calais, Hauts-de-France, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Enguerrand, Comte de Poitou and Montreuil. Enguerrand (son of Hugh I de Montreuil, Seigneur of Abbeville and Gisela, Princess of France) died about 1045. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Title(s): 1007; He became the Count of Valenciennes in 1007.

Notes:

Name:
He was also known as Baudouin IV "Le Barbu".

Baldwin married Ogive of Luxembourg in 1012. Ogive (daughter of Frederick I, Count of Luxembourg, Count in the Moselgau and Ermentrude von Gleiberg) was born about 995 in Luxembourg; died on 21 Feb 1030 in Flanders, Belgium. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Baldwin married Elena of Normandy after 1030. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Adele of Bois Ferrand. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Religion: 994; She founded the Benedictine monastery of Ozziach in Friuli after 994.

Glismode married Retig II, Count of Bavaria on Yes, date unknown. Retig (son of Boto II) died before 994. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Glismode married Ozi I, Count of Friuli before 994. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Lietgarde de Cleves. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Aleida. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Hugh de Evermer. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: Her name was also spelt Edith.
• Travel: 1066; After the death of Harold in 1066, Edith went into exile on the Continent.
• Last Full Review: 2 Jun 2020

Notes:

Name:

Ealdgyth married Gruffydd ap Llewelyn, Prince of North Wales about 1058. Gruffydd (son of Llywelyn ap Seisyllt, Prince of North Wales and Angharad verch Maredydd) was born about 1011 in Rhuddlan, Flintshire, Wales; died on 5 Aug 1063 in Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Ealdgyth married Harold II Godwinsson, King of England in 1064 or Mar 1066 in York, Yorkshire, England. Harold (son of Godwine, Ealdorman of Wessex and Gytha Thorkelsdóttir) was born about 1022 in England; died on 14 Oct 1066. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Miscellaneous: say 1040; Lambert arranged to transfer the remains of Saint Gudule to the St. Michael church. This church, thereafter known as Saints-Michel-et-Gudule, developed to become St. Michael and Gudula Cathedral.
• Military: 1054; In 1054 he took up arms against Emperor Henry III, and lost his life at Tounai.
• Last Full Review: 3 Jun 2020

Lambert married Oda on Yes, date unknown. Oda (daughter of Gonzelon I, Margrave of Antwerp, Count of Verdun, and Duke of Lower Lorraine) died on 23 Oct 1044. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: She was also called Maud.

Matilda married Eustace I, Count of Boulogne on Yes, date unknown. Eustace (son of Baldwin III, Count of Boulogne and Aleida) was born about 1004; died in 1049. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Died:
He died without issue.

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: birth to death

Notes:

History:
Her name was also spelt Hatvide.

Family/Spouse: Gerhard IV, Count of Alsace and of Chatenois, Duke of Upper Lorraine. Gerhard (son of Gerhard, Count of Metz, Duke of Upper Lorraine and Gisela) died on 14 Apr 1070 in Remiremont, Grand Est, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: She married Gislebert de Looz, the son of Rodolphe de Betuwe Comte de Hesbaye. Gislebert married first, Erlande. [Gislebert married second, Lutgarde de Namur] Issue: 1. Emmo (1025-1078) 2. Otto (____-1090)

Notes:

History:
Her name was also spelt Emma.

Family/Spouse: Gislebert de Looz. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: His name is also spelt Albert.

Notes:

Birth: Stuart (2002) says he was born about 1000.

Death: Stuart (2002) says his death was between July 1063 and July 1064.

Adalbert married Regilinde of Lorraine on Yes, date unknown. Regilinde (daughter of Gonzelon I, Margrave of Antwerp, Count of Verdun, and Duke of Lower Lorraine) was born about 994; died after 1064. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Otto I, Count of Warcq and Chiny. Otto (son of Count Arnold I and Mathilde of Chiny) was born in 942; died in 1013. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: His name was also spelt Odo.
• Title(s): 1004; He became the Count of Blois in 1004.
• Title(s): 1019; He became the Count of Champagne in 1019.

Eudes married first wife on Yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eudes married Ermengarde of Auvergne in 1020. Ermengarde (daughter of Robert I, Count of Auverne and Ermengarde) died on 10 Mar 1040. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Last Full Review: 6 Jul 2020

Notes:

Birth: Von Redlich (1941) and Weis (1976) give 999 as her birth year.

Gisela married Bruno von Braunschweig, Count in the Derlingau about 1012. Bruno (son of Count Liudolf) was born between 970 and 975; died between 1008 and 1010. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Gisela married Ernst I von Badenburg, Margrave of Austria, Duke of Swabia before Jan 1017. Ernst (son of Leopold I "the Illustrious", Margrave of Austria and Richwara) died on 31 May 1015. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Gisela married Conrad II "the Salic", Holy Roman Emperor in 1016/17. Conrad (son of Henry of Franconia, Count of Speyergau and Adelaide of Alsace) was born in 990 in Burgundy, France; died on 4 Jun 1039 in Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; was buried in Speyer Cathedral, Speyer, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Name:
Her name was also spelt Maud.

Matilda married Frederick II, Count of Bar-le-Duc and Upper Lorraine between 1012 and 1013. Frederick (son of Dietrich I, Duke of Upper Lorraine, Count of Bar and Richilde) was born about 995; died on 1026 to 1027. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Living: 25 Feb 1025

Family/Spouse: Adalbero, Margrave of Carinthia. Adalbero (son of Markwart III von Eppenstein, Lord of Eppenstein and Hademut) died on 25 Nov 1039 in Geisenfeld, Bavaria, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Land/House: From 997 to 1024; He was the ruler of lands near Arnsburg.

Notes:

Name:
He was an advocate of Werden

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Gerhard III, Count of Dagsburg-Egisheim. Gerhard (son of Hugh VI von Egisheim, Count of Egisheim and Hedwig von Dagsburg) died in 1038. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Reign: From 1026 to 1039; King of Germany
• Reign: From 1027 to 1039; Holy Roman Emperor
• Reign: From 1027 to 1039; King of Italy
• Crowned: 26 Mar 1027; Conrad was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope John XIX on 26 March 1027.
• Military: 1032; Upon the death of the childless King Rudolph III of Burgundy in 1032, Conrad claimed dominion over the Kingdom of the Two Burgundies, conquered it and incorporated it into the empire.
• Reign: From 1034 to 1039; King of Burgundy
• Last Full Review: 6 Jul 2020

Notes:

Name:

Buried:
His heart and bowels are buried at the Cathedral of Saint Martin, Utrecht. His body was transferred to Speyer via Cologne, Mainz, and Worms, where the funeral procession made stops. His body is buried at Speyer Cathedral, which was still under construction at this time. During a major excavation in 1900 his sarcophagus was relocated from his original resting place in front of the altar to the crypt, where it is still visible today along with those of seven of his successors.

Died:
He died of gout.

Conrad married first wife on yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Conrad married second wife on yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Conrad married Gisela of Swabia in 1016/17. Gisela (daughter of Hermann II, Duke of Swabia and Gerberga of Burgundy, Princess of Upper Burgundy) was born on 11 Nov 985 in Kelheim, Bavaria, Germany; died on 15 Feb 1043 in Goslar, Lower Saxony, Germany; was buried in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Living: Between 1025 and 1060

Family/Spouse: [no first name] von Hohenwart. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Living: 1035
• Religion: say 1070; He was the advocate of Regensburg Cathedral.

Family/Spouse: Ermengarde von Gilching. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Name:
Her name was also spelt Dobroneva.

Dobroniega married Casimir I "the Restorer", King of Poland in 1038. Casimir (son of Mieszko II, King of Poland and Richenza of Pfalz-Lorraine, Queen of Poland) was born on 28 Jul 1016; died on 28 Nov 1058. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Dobroniega married Casimir, King of Poland in 1038. Casimir was born on 28 Jul 1016; died on 19 Mar 1058. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Moved To: After 1050

Notes:

Name:
He was also known as Edward "the Exile."

Moved To:
He was exiled to Hungary, where he held lands in Berenger county.

Edward married Agatha von Braunschweig in 1043/44 in Kiev, Ukraine. Agatha (daughter of Ludwig von Braunschweig, Count in the Derlingau and Gertrude von Egisheim) was born on 1023 to 1030; died after 1067. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: He appears to have either died young in England or in exile in Hungary.

Notes:

Name:
Her name is also spelt Edith or Æglithia.

Ealdgyth married Maldred, Lord of Carlisle and Allerdale in 1030/40. Maldred (son of Thane Crinan Mormær of Atholl and Bethoc of Scotland) was born in 1000 in Scotland; died in 1045. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Gytha. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Name:
As his father was excommunicated, Geoffrey was considered illegitimate.

Family/Spouse: Beatrice de Mandeville. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: He was also known as Florenz I Count of Holland.

Florenz married Gertrude of Saxony about 1050. Gertrude (daughter of Bernard II, Duke of Saxony and Elica von Schweinfort) was born about 1030; died on 4 Aug 1113. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Bertrada married Dietrich I von Katlenburg on Yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: Her name is also spelt Suanhildis.

Swanhilde married Emmo of Loon, Count of Loon on Yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Charter/Grant/Gift: 1038; He is named in a charter of 1038 as Baron of Flanders.

Eustace married Matilda of Louvain on Yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Bertha of Aumale. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Hugh II, Comte de St. Pol. Hugh (son of Manasses) died on 1118 - 1119. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: He entered into hostilities with Emperor Otho II and acquired from that monarch Valenciennes and the Isles of Zealand. He subsequently further increased his territories by another rich accession, that of the citadel of Ghent.

Baldwin married Adelaide of France, Princess of France in 1028. Adelaide (daughter of Robert II "the Pious", King of France and Constance of Arles) was born in 1009; died on 8 Jun 1078. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Adalbert de Gand. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: She was the owner of many books and illuminated manuscripts, which she bequeathed to Weingarten Abbey (two of which are now held at the Pierpont Morgan Library).
• Travel: Sep 1051; In September 1051, Tostig and Judith were forced to flee England for Bruges, along with her in-laws after Tostig joined his father's armed rebellion against King Edward the Confessor; however, they returned home the following year.
• Title(s): 1055; When her husband was created the Earl of Northumbia in 1055, she became the Countess of Northumbria.
• Travel: Nov 1065; Tostig was outlawed by King Edward in November 1065, and Judith, along with Tostig and her children, was compelled to seek refuge with her half-brother in Flanders the following month.
• Last Full Review: 11 Aug 2020

Notes:

Birth: Judith was 38 years old when she married Welf.

Judith married Tostig Godwinson, Earl of Northumberia before Sep 1051. Tostig (son of Godwine, Ealdorman of Wessex and Gytha Thorkelsdóttir) was born about 1026; died on 25 Sep 1066 in Stamford Bridge, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Judith married Welf I, Duke of Bavaria about 1071. Welf (son of Alberto Azzo II, Marchese d'Este and of the Lombards and Kunigunde of Altdorf) was born in 1037; died on 9 Nov 1101 in Paphos, Cyprus; was buried in Weingarten Abbey, Weingarten, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: He received St. Pol as a vassal of Count Baldwin of Flanders.

Family/Spouse: Hadwide. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: Engelbert I was living in 968.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Frideruna married Hartwig II, Pfalzgrave in Bavaria about 1024. Hartwig (son of Aribo I, Pfalzgrave in Bavaria and Adela) was born about 985; died on 24 Nov 1027; was buried in Seeon Abbey, Seeon-Seebruck, Bavaria, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Ermengarde de Flanders. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Richard de Rullos. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Osbern FitzRichard, Lord of Richard’s Castle and Byton. Osbern (son of Richard FitzScrob) died in 1080 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Trahaearn ap Caradog. Trahaearn (son of Caradog ap Gwyn and daughter verch Gwerystan) died in 1081 in Arwystli, Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: birth to death

Notes:

Birth:
Probably a twin.

History:
He grew up in exile on the Continent.

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: birth to death

Notes:

Birth:
Probably a twin.

History:
Some authorities have stated that he was an illegitimate son of Harold by his mistress Edith Swanneshal.

Ulf is said by some chroniclers to have drowned at sea before 1070, but he is recorded as being alive in 1087 in Normandy, after which he disappears from the records.

Henry married Adelaide of the Betuwe on Yes, date unknown. Adelaide (daughter of Eberhard von der Betuwe und Tristerbaut, Count in the Betuwe) was born about 1045; died after 1086. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Otto I, Margrave of Meissen, and Count of Weimar. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Dedi I, Margrave of the Saxon Ostmark. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: Aux Gernons translates to with moustaches.
• Military: 1047; He joined Godfrey II, duke of Lotharingia, in an unsuccessful rebellion against Emperor Henry III in 1047.
• Religion: 1049; As a consequence of his revolt against the Emperor, Pope Leo IX, a close ally of the emperor, excommunicated Eustace at the Council of Rheims in 1049. "Excommunicavit etiam Comites Angelrai et Eustacium propter incestum, et Hugonem de Braina, quia legitimam uxorem dimiserat, et aliam sibi in matrimonio sociaverat”. The reason given for the excommunication was incest. Pope Leo IX had been attempting to reform the papacy by condemning marriages within seven degrees of consanguinity. Although neither wife is mentioned by name both were related to Eustace within the prohibited degree.
• Title(s): 1049; Eustace succeeded his father in 1049 as Count of Boulogne.
• Travel: 1051, England; Eustace visited England in 1051, and was received with honor at the court of Edward the Confessor. Edward and Eustace were former brothers-in-law and remained political allies.
• Title(s): 1054; In 1054 he became the Count of Lens.
• Military: 14 Oct 1066, Hastings, Sussex, England; He fought at the Battle of Hastings and is one of the few proven companions of William the Conqueror. Sources vary regarding the details of his conduct during the battle. The contemporary chronicler William of Poitiers wrote concerning him: With a harsh voice he (Duke William) called to Eustace of Boulogne, who with 50 knights was turning in flight and was about to give the signal for retreat. This man came up to the Duke and said in his ear that he ought to retire since he would court death if he went forward. But at the very moment when he uttered the words Eustace was struck between the shoulders with such force that blood gushed out from his mouth and nose and half dead he only made his escape with the aid of his followers. The depiction in the Bayeux Tapestry shows a knight carrying a banner who rides up to Duke William and points excitedly with his finger towards the rear of the Norman advance. William turns his head and lifts up his visor to show his knights following him that he is still alive and determined to fight on. This conforms therefore with Eustace having somewhat lost his nerve and having urged the Duke to retreat while the Battle was at its height with the outcome still uncertain. Other sources suggest that Eustace was present with William at the Malfosse incident in the immediate aftermath of the battle, where a Saxon feigning death leapt up and attacked him, and was presumably cut down before he could reach William.
• Military: 1067; After playing a prominent part in the battle of Hastings, Eustace supported an uprising by the townsfolk of Dover against William’s half-brother, Bishop Odo in 1067. The attack was unsuccessful; Eustace escaped but left his nepos, probably Geoffrey, behind in captivity. Eustace was exiled from England following the disaster in Dover, and his English estates were forfeited. But clearly he was more useful to William I as an ally than as an enemy, and the two were reconciled in the early 1070s. William I, who could have been holding the nepos to ensure Eustace’s compliance as a future ally, may have released him during this time. Eustace received a generous new allocation of estates.
• Last Full Review: 9 Dec 2020

Notes:

Name:

Military:

Eustace married Godgifu, Princess of England after 1035. Godgifu (daughter of Æthelred II "the Unrede", King of England and Emma of Normandy) was born about 1010 in England; died in by 1049. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eustace married Ida of Lorraine in Dec 1057. Ida (daughter of Geoffrey II "the Bearded", Duke of Upper and Lower Lorraine, Count of Verdun and Doda) was born about 1040 in Bass, Lower Lorraine, France (not found); died on 13 Aug 1113. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eustace married Dode on Yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Frederick II, Duke of Lower Lorraine, Count in the Moselgau, and Lord of Saarbrucken. Frederick (son of Frederick I, Count in the Moselgau and daughter von Gleiberg) was born about 1005; died on 18 May 1065. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Died:
He was killed in the Battle of Lille.

Lambert married Adelaide of Normandy, Countess of Aumale in 1053/54. Adelaide (daughter of Robert I "the Devil", Duke of Normandy and Herleva de Falaise) was born in 1029/30 in Falaise, Calvados, Normandy, France; died before 1090. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Gerhard married Heilwig von Egisheim before 1092. Heilwig (daughter of Gerhard III, Count of Egisheim and Petronilla of Verdun) died in 1118. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Name:
His name was also spelt Thierry.

Dietrich married Hedwig von Formbach in 1075. Hedwig (daughter of Frederick, Count of Formbach and Gertrude von Haldensleben) was born in 1058; died between 1095 and 1100. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Dietrich married Gertrude of Flanders about 1100. Gertrude (daughter of Robert I "le Frison", Count of Flanders and Holland and Gertrude of Saxony) was born about 1070 in Flanders, Belgium; died on 1115 - 1126. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Birth: Stuart (2002) gives his birth date as about 1030.

Adalbert married Ida of Saxony in 1065/66. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Military: 1013; He was in Italy with the Emperor, Henry III.

Notes:

Died:
He was killed in battle with Gonzelon, the Duke of Upper Lorraine.

Family/Spouse: Adelaide. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Catherine de Looz. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Theobald married Gundrada on Yes, date unknown, and was divorced in 1049. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Theobald married Garsenda of Maine on Yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Theobald married Alix de Crepi on Yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Adela. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Bertha married Alan III, Duke of Brittany in 1018. Alan (son of Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany and Hawise of Normandy) was born about 997; died on 1 Oct 1040. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Name:
His name was also spelt Ludolf. He was also the Margrave of West Friesland.

Ludwig married Gertrude von Egisheim between 1019 and 1021. Gertrude (daughter of Hugh VI von Egisheim, Count of Egisheim and Hedwig von Dagsburg) died on 21 Jul 1077. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Count Thiemo II of Fornbach. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Count Berthold of Sangerhausen. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Hermann married Adelaide von Susa about 1036. Adelaide (daughter of Odalrico Manfredo II, Marchese de Torino-Albenza and Bertha of Este) was born on 21 Sep 1015; died on 14 Dec 1091; was buried in Speyer, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: birth to death
• Reign: From 1039 to 1056; King of Germany
• Reign: From 1046 to 1056; Holy Roman Emperor

Notes:

Name:


History:
In 1039, he was crowned the King of Burgundy.

On 25 December 1046, he was crowned the Holy Roman Emperor and the King of Germany.

Family/Spouse: unknown wife. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Agnes of Poitou on 21 Nov 1043. Agnes (daughter of William III "the Great", Count of Poitou and Agnes of Burgundy, Princess of Lombardy) died on 14 Dec 1077. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Name:
She was betrothed to Henry I of France.

Notes:

Name:
She was the heiress of Bar-le-Duc.

Sophia married Louis II, Count of Montbéliard in 1040 in France. Louis (son of Richwin, Comte de Scarpone and Hildegarde) was born in 1019; died on 1071 - 1076; was buried in Église Notre-Dame, Bar-le-Duc, Grand Est, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Ottokar VI, Count in the Chiemgau. Ottokar (son of Ottokar V, Count in the Chiemgau and daughter von Wels-Lambach) died in 1075 in Rome, Lazio, Italy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Living: From 1016 to 1051

Notes:

Name:
He was an advocate of Werden and of Paderborn.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Living: 1034; He was living in 1034.
• Last Full Review: 25 Jun 2020

Gérald married Gisela on yes, date unknown. Gisela died in by 1060. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Gérald married Thietburga of Savoy on yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: birth to death

Notes:

History:
He became the Bishop of Maurinne in 1088, and served to his death in 1107.

Family/Spouse: Friedrich von Büren, Count in Riesgau. Friedrich died about 1053. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Gisela von Schweinfurt. Gisela (daughter of Otto III von Schweinfurt, Duke of Swabia and Ermengarde of Susa) died on 2 Feb 1100. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: first wife. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Adelaide von Regensburg. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Abalrech von Formbach. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Uta married Kuno von Rot, Pfalzgrave of Bavaria after 1050. Kuno (son of Poppo III von Rot, Count of Rot and in the Isengau and Hazaga of Karnten) died in 1086. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Richgard von Sponheim. Richgard (daughter of Engelbert I von Sponheim, Count in the Levanthal and Ortemburg and Hedwig of Flinsbach) died on 11 Apr 1130. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Name:
She is also called Hadagunda von Diessen.

Family/Spouse: Hermann IV, Count of Kastl. Hermann (son of Hermann IV, Duke of Swabia and Adelaide von Susa) died on 27 Jan 1056. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: second husband. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Otto I von Scheyern, Count in the Meddle Paar and Scheyern on the Ilm. Otto (son of Henry von Schweinfurt, Count in the Pegnitz, Altmuhl, and Overnaeb and daughter of Altdorf) died on 4 Dec 1072. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Crowned: 1081
• Reign: From 1081 to 1102; King of Poland

Notes:

Name:


His name was also spelt Vladimir.

Crowned:
He was crowned the King of Poland.

Wladislaw married Judith of Bohemia about 1080. Judith (daughter of Wratislaw II, King of Hungary and Bohemia and Adelaide, Princess of Hungary) died on 25 Dec 1085. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sophia of Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Travel: 1057
• Travel: 1066
• Canonized: 1250; St. Margaret was canonized 1250 and her feast day is November 16th,

Notes:

Name:
There is much debate about the ancestry of Agatha, the mother of St. Margaret, Queen of Scotland. The dynastic usurpation and post-invasion trauma of 1066 dictated that St. Margaret's maternal origins were of secondary importance to the English Chroniclers until the marriage of her daughter, Edith-Matilda, to Henry I in 1100. There are two basic solutions, Slavic or Salian. Humphreys (2003) leans towards the Slavic, however I have followed the Salian. Moore (2019) has proved the Salian.

Travel:
She moved to the court of Edward the Confessor.

Travel:
After the defeat of Harold Godwinson in 1066, she again went into exile in Scotland.

Margaret married Malcolm III "Canmore", King of the Scots in 1068 in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. Malcolm (son of Duncan I MacCrinan, King of the Scots and Suthen) was born in 1031 in Scotland; died on 13 Nov 1093 in Alnwick, Northumberland, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: In 1069, Edgar joined Gospatric, the Earl of Northumberland, in his revolt against William. At the revolt's defeat, he fled to Scotland. Later he went to France, where he became the confidant of Duke Robert, the Conqueror's son. In 1198, he joined Duke Robert on the First Crusade. Later Henry I took him prisoner at Tinchebrai, and gave him an estate in England where he lived in obscurity.

Family/Spouse: daughter of Maldred. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

History:
He was also the Lord of Carlisle and Allerdale.

In 1061, he visited Rome.

In 1067, he was created the Earl of Northumbria by King William I.

In 1071, he joined the Northern Revolt against William I, resulting in his being deprived of his Earldom in 1072. He then fled to Scotland.

In 1072, he was created the 1st Earl of Dunbar.

Family/Spouse: sister of Edmund. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Married: unknown wife. 1. Edmund 2. Scot 3. Maldred, Lord of Redesdale 4. Cibernus

Family/Spouse: Eadgar the Athling. Eadgar (son of Edward the Atheling and Agatha von Braunschweig) was born about 1048; died in 1126 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Living: 1115

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Bertha married Philip I "the Amorous", King of France in 1072, and was divorced in 1091. Philip (son of Henry I, King of France and Anne of Kiev) was born on 23 May 1052; died on 30 Jul 1108 in Meulan-en-Yvelines, Yvelines, Île-de-France, France; was buried in Fleury Abbey, Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire, Centre-Val de Loire, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Title(s): 1061; He succeeded as the Count of West Friesland. He was expelled in 1071, and later restored in 1076.

Dietrich married Ulfhilde about 1080. Ulfhilde died before 26 Jul 1083. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Died:
He was killed a the siege of Arques.

Enguerrand married Adelaide of Normandy, Countess of Aumale on Yes, date unknown. Adelaide (daughter of Robert I "the Devil", Duke of Normandy and Herleva de Falaise) was born in 1029/30 in Falaise, Calvados, Normandy, France; died before 1090. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: He was a companion of William the Conqueror and the captor of Harold. He joined the First Crusade.

Family/Spouse: Ada of Amiens. Ada died in Mar 1066. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: He destroyed the Abbey of St. Requier, for which he was excommunicated. Hugh opposed King Louis VI.

Hugh married Beatrice on yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Hugh married Margaret de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis in 1128. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Last Full Review: 4 Mar 2021

Rosela married Raoul, Comte de Guînes on Yes, date unknown. Raoul was born about 982 in Château de Guînes, Guînes, Pas-de-Calais, Hauts-de-France, France; died on 30 May 1036 in Paris, Île-de-France, France; was buried in Paris, Île-de-France, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• History: He was also known as Baldwin VI "de Mons", Count of Flanders.

Notes:

Name:
He was Baldwin VI, Count of Flanders.

Baldwin married Richilde von Egisheim in 1055. Richilde died on 15 Mar 1086. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• General Information: Her name is also rendered Maud in England.

Notes:

Death: von Redlich (1941) gives her death date as 3 November 1083.

Maltilda married William I "the Conqueror", King of England in 1053 in Eu, Normandy, France. William (son of Robert I "the Devil", Duke of Normandy and Herleva de Falaise) was born in 1027 in Falaise, Calvados, Normandy, France; died on 9 Sep 1087 in Convent of St Gervais, Rouen, Normandie, France; was buried in Abbey of Saint-Étienne, Caen, Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]