715 - 768 (53 years)
Generation: 1
1. | Pépin "the Short", King of the Franks was born in 714/15 in Austrasia; died on 24 Sep 768; was buried in Basilica of Saint-Denis, St. Denis, Île-de-France, France. Other Events and Attributes:
- Title(s): 741
- Crowned: 751
- Reign: From 751 to 768; King of the Franks (Carolingian dynasty)
- Military: 753
Notes:
Name:
Pépin served as Mayor of the Palace.
Title(s):
Following the death of their father Charles Martel in 741, Pépin the Short along with his older brother Carloman imprisoned their half brother Grifo and took control of the Frankish Empire as joint Mayors of the Palace. Pépin ruled in Neustria, Burgundy and Provence and Carloman ruled in Austrasia. In order to legitimize their rule, the brothers revived the kingship by raising Childeric III to the throne in 743. Pépin and Carloman continued to hold the real power. That same year, Pépin and Carloman conquered their brother-in-law Duke Odilo of Bavaria. However, discord in Bavaria continued; and it was not until 757 that Odilo's son (Pépin's nephew) Duke Tassilo III of Bavaria and the magnates of Bavaria were finally forced to acknowledge themselves as vassals of Pépin the Short.
Crowned:
In 747, Carloman withdrew from politics. With the support of the church and the Pope, Pépin had himself declared King of the Franks in 751. The former king, Childeric III, retired to a monastery.
Military:
In the winter of 753-754 after the Lombards forced Pope Stephen to leave Rome, the Pope visited Pépin the Short. The next summer, Pope Stephen anointed Pépin and his two sons Charlemagne and Carloman, and declared that the Franks were never to elect a king who was not of the sacred lineage of Pépin the Short. In return for Pope Stephen's support, Pépin the Short took his army to Italy and defeated the Lombards. Pépin's gift of a wide strip of land in central Italy to the Pope became known as the "Donation of Pépin". This land, called the Papal States, remained under the control of the popes until the unification of Italy in the 19th century.
Pépin married Bertha "Broadfoot" about 740. Bertha (daughter of Caribert, Count of Laon and Bertrada) was born about 720 in Laon, Hauts-de-France, France; died on 12 Jul 783. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
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Generation: 2
2. | Charlemagne, Holy Roman Emperor (1.Pépin1) was born on 2 Apr 747 in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany; died on 28 Jan 814 in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany; was buried in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Other Events and Attributes:
- Reign: From 767 to 814; King of the Franks (Carolingian dynasty)
- Land/House: 768
- Reign: From 800 to 814; Holy Roman Emperor
Notes:
Death: Weis (1982) gives his death place as Aix la Chapelle.
Name:
More is known about Charlemagne than most medieval rulers because of a biography written by Einhard, a friend of his son Louis the Pious. This biography describes Charlemagne as more than six feet tall, with piercing eyes, fair hair, a thick neck, and a potbelly. He was strong, fond of exercise, and had an alert mind and a forceful personality. Charlemagne could read and speak Latin, the language of educated people of the time. However, he never learned to write it.
Land/House:
When Pépin the Short died in 768, the Frankish lands were divided according to ancient Frankinsh law and tradition between Pépin's sons Carloman and Charles. During the next three years until Carloman's death in 771, relations between the two brothers were sometimes strained. In 774, Charles "the Great" or Karolus Magnus, more widely known as Charlemagne, conquered Lombardy and confirmed his father's donation of the Papal States. Charlemagne added Bavaria to his realm, and eventually defeated the Saxons and forced them to convert to Christianity. Charlemagne also waged war in Spain. He was returning from an expedition there in 778 when a mountain people called the Basques ambushed and wiped out his rear guard. This incident became the subject of the famous epic poem The Song of Roland, however, the ambushers were the Moors.
Reign:
On 25 December 800, he was crowed Emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III in Rome.
Charlemagne married Himiltrude in 798 (Not married). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Charlemagne married Desiderata of the Lombards in 770. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Charlemagne married Hildegarde, Countess in Linzgau in 771 in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Hildegarde (daughter of Gerold, Count in the Vinzgau and Emma of Allemania) was born in 758; died on 30 Apr 783. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 8. Charles the Younger, Duke of Ingelheim was born in 772; died in 811.
- 9. Pépin, King of Italy and Lombardy was born in Apr 773 in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany; was christened on 12 Apr 781 in Rome, Lazio, Italy; died on 8 Jul 810 in Milan, Lombardy, Italy.
- 10. Adelaide was born in 773.
- 11. Rotrud was born in 775.
- 12. Bertha of France was born in 776; died in 826.
- 13. Lothar was born in 778.
- 14. Louis I "the Pious", Holy Roman Emperor was born in Aug 778 in Haute-Garonne, France; died on 20 Jun 841 in near Mainz.
- 15. Hildegarde
- 16. Gisela
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Charlemagne married Fastrada in 783. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Charlemagne married Luitgard in 794. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Family/Spouse: unknown partner. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
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Generation: 3
9. | Pépin, King of Italy and Lombardy (2.Charlemagne2, 1.Pépin1) was born in Apr 773 in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany; was christened on 12 Apr 781 in Rome, Lazio, Italy; died on 8 Jul 810 in Milan, Lombardy, Italy. Other Events and Attributes:
- General Information: He was called at birth Carlolman, but christened Pépin, by which he is known.
- Crowned: 781; In 781, his father, Charlemagne, crowned him the King of Italy.
- Crowned: 15 Apr 781; On 15 April 781, he was crowned the King of Lombardy.
Notes:
Stuart: 114-40; 231-40
Christened:
He was christened by Pope Adrian I.
Name:
Pépin married Gondres on Yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Family/Spouse: unknown woman. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Family/Spouse: Chrothais. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 26. Bernard, King of Italy was born in 797; died on 17 Apr 818 in Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Lombardy, Italy; was buried in Milan, Lombardy, Italy.
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14. | Louis I "the Pious", Holy Roman Emperor (2.Charlemagne2, 1.Pépin1) was born in Aug 778 in Haute-Garonne, France; died on 20 Jun 841 in near Mainz. Other Events and Attributes:
- Reign: From 814 to 840; Holy Roman Emperor
Notes:
Death: Sewell gives his death date as 30 April 840.
Name:
He was also known as Lois the Fair.
Louis married Ermengarde of Hesbaye about 794. Ermengarde (daughter of Ingerman, Count of Hasbaye) died on 3 Oct 818. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Louis married Judith of Bavaria in Feb 819. Judith (daughter of Welf I, Duke of Bavaria, Count in the Entgau and Egilwich, Abbess of Challes) was born about 800 in Bavaria, Germany; died on 19 Apr 843 in Tours, Centre-Val de Loire, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
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Generation: 4
26. | Bernard, King of Italy (9.Pépin3, 2.Charlemagne2, 1.Pépin1) was born in 797; died on 17 Apr 818 in Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Lombardy, Italy; was buried in Milan, Lombardy, Italy. Other Events and Attributes:
Notes:
Name:
History:
In September 813, he was crowned the King of Italy.
He revolted in July 817 when his uncle, Louis (I) the Pious who had succeeded Charlemagne as Emperor, proceeded to divide the empire among his sons, Bernhard's cousins. Bernhard doubtless felt that his father Pépin had been crowned King of Italy by Charlemagne and that he should follow his father as the full fledged King of Italy. Louis the Pious, however, had a different view of the situation. Seeing as Pépin had died before Charlemagne, Louis the Pious felt that as Charlemagne's heir, he was overall king or emperor; and that Bernhard was perhaps sort of a sub-king. Bernhard's revolt didn't work, and he was forced to submit to Louis in December 817, and he abdicated.
Bernard married Cunigunde in 813. Cunigunde died on 15 Jun 835. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
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28. | Lothair I, Holy Roman Emperor (14.Louis3, 2.Charlemagne2, 1.Pépin1) was born about 795; died on 29 Sep 855 in Prüm, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Other Events and Attributes:
- Crowned: 817
- Crowned: 840
- Reign: From 840 to 855; Holy Roman Emperor
- Land/House: 843
Notes:
Name:
Crowned:
He was crowned the King of Italy.
Crowned:
He was crowned the Holy Roman Emperor.
Land/House:
By the Treaty of Verdun in 843, the Carolingian Empire was divided into three kingdoms, with Charles the Bald receiving the West Frankish Kingdom, Lothar receiving the Kingdom of Lothar, and Louis the German receiving the East Frankish Kingdom.
Lothair married Ermengarde of Orleans on 15 Oct 821. Ermengarde (daughter of Hugh II "le Méfiant", Count of Tours and Aba or Bava) died on 20 Mar 851. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
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35. | Charles II "the Bald", Holy Roman Emperor and King of France (14.Louis3, 2.Charlemagne2, 1.Pépin1) was born on 13 Jun 828 in Frankfurt-am-Main, Hesse, Germany; died on 6 Oct 877 in Brides-les-Bains, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France; was buried in Basilica of Saint-Denis, St. Denis, Île-de-France, France. Other Events and Attributes:
- Reign: From 840 to 877; King of France (Carolingian dynasty)
- Land/House: 843; By the Treaty of Verdun in 843, the Carolingian Empire was divided into three kingdoms, with Charles the Bald receiving the West Frankish Kingdom, Lothar receiving the Kingdom of Lothar, and Louis the German receiving the East Frankish Kingdom.
- Crowned: 869; In 869, he was crowned the King of Burgundy.
- Crowned: 875; He was crowned the King of Italy in 875.
- Reign: From 875 to 877; Holy Roman Emperor
- Crowned: 25 December 875.; He was crowned Holy Roman Emperor on 25 December 875.
Notes:
Birth: Sewell gives his birth date as 13 June 823.
Birth: von Redlich (1941) gives his birth date as 23 June 823.
Name:
Charles married Ermentrude of Orléans on 14 Dec 842. Ermentrude (daughter of Eudes, Count of Orléans and Engeltrude) was born on 27 Sep 830; died on 6 Oct 869 in Basilica of Saint-Denis, St. Denis, Île-de-France, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Charles married Richardis of Metz on 25 Nov 870. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
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