Pharaoh Hatshepsut

Other Events and Attributes:

• Last Full Review: 13 Oct 2020

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History:
When Tuthmosis II died in 1479 BCE from a severe systemic illness, Hatshepsut stood as regent for the heir, who was very young. Contemporary records state that she “managed affairs of the land.

In 1473 BCE she declared herself Pharaoh, and ruled until her death. She adopted masculine attire and assumed the traditional masculine titles.

Hatshepsut was well educated and skilled in imperial administration. It is possible that she led military campaigns in Nubia and Palestine, and she sent a famous expedition to Punt (probably modern Ethiopia). In Egypt, Hatshepsut renovated large sections of Karnak and maintained an apartment there. She also erected the Red Chapel, a pair of granite Obelisks, a formal route for religious processions, and the eighth Pylon in the southern axis of the complex.

Hatshepsut erected her major monument at Deir el-Bahri on the western shore in Thebes. This is a temple with three low, broad porticos, ramps, and terraces. The upper terrace has square pillars that were originally faced with Osiride statues of Hatshepsut. In the middle terrace she constructed chapels for the gods Hathor and Anubis. This terrace also contains reliefs concerning the expedition that was sent to Punt. Hatshepsut’s divine birth legend is also depicted here. The bottom terrace has bas-reliefs heralding the raising of her obelisks at Karnak, and the court in front of the terraces had two pools and MYRRH trees in ceramic pots. Deir el-Bahri was called Djeseru- djeseru, “the Holy of Holies,” and was dedicated to Amun-Ré, Ré-Horakhty, Hathor, and Anubis

Family/Spouse: Pharaoh Thutmose II. Thutmose (son of Pharaoh Thutmose I and Mutneferu) was born about 1492 BCE; died in 1479 BCE. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• History: --

Notes:

History:
Neferu-Ré, her daughter, was groomed as Hatshepsut’s successor and as a “GOD’S WIFE OF AMUN.” Some scholars believe that Neferu-Ré married Tuthmosis III and bore him a son. Her presence in Hatshepsut’s reign added considerable support. When Neferu-Ré died in Hatshepsut’s 11th regnal year (1462 BCE).